Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia
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COVID-19, Telework Patterns Within a City, and Changes in Urban Structure – Preliminary Findings
11 April 2022
With the coronavirus disease (COVID-19, the spread of teleworking means that people do not necessarily have to live near their place of work. Will the … Read More
Entry Mode Choice and Performance of Foreign Direct Investment Firms in Emerging Economies: Micro-evidence from Viet Nam
29 March 2022
Does the right entry mode choice help foreign direct investment (FDI) firms to perform efficiently in emerging economies? This study attempts to answer this question … Read More
Projecting Infrastructure Needs and the Financing Mechanism: A Review of Estimations by ADB, McKinsey, and the OECD
24 March 2022
How much does a country, a region, and the world need to spend on infrastructure development to fulfil demand? This question has been asked frequently … Read More
Implicit Subsidies for Infrastructure and Their Implications for Contingent Liabilities in Selected East Asian Countries
23 March 2022
A government's investment decision for infrastructure development is a form of budget commitment which results in direct liabilities and possible contingent liabilities. The latter is … Read More
Digital Technology Adoption and Indonesia’s MSMEs during the COVID-19 Pandemic
22 March 2022
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has hit micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) hard. The estimated economic impact of COVID-19 could exceed the fiscal stimulus … Read More
East Asian Production Networks Go Beyond the Gravity Prediction
21 March 2022
This paper provides empirical evidence that supports the continuing importance of machinery international production networks (IPNs) in East Asia. We first confirm their robustness and … Read More
Global Value Chains and Premature Deindustrialisation in Malaysia
23 February 2022
Malaysia has experienced premature deindustrialisation since the early 1990s. The decline in the relative contribution of manufacturing to the economy has been underpinned by structural … Read More
Understanding SME Trade Finance in ASEAN: An Overview
22 February 2022
SMEs are the most important source of employment in all ASEAN countries, but a lack of access to external sources of finance may limit their … Read More
Technical Barriers to Trade, Product Quality and Trade Margins: Firm-level Evidence
07 February 2022
As tariffs have declined to a low level, the trade literature has paid increasing attention to the impact of non-tariff measures. Unlike tariffs, non-tariff measures … Read More
Indonesia’s Local Content Requirements: An Assessment on Consistency with Free Trade Agreement Commitments
04 February 2022
Local content requirements (LCRs) are one of several economic instruments used by governments to protect infant domestic industries or to generate employment. Indonesia has LCR … Read More
Participation in Global Value Chains and Rent Sharing by Small Firms in Viet Nam
27 January 2022
It is well documented that firms that participate in global value chains (GVCs) are larger and more productive, maintaining higher profitability compared to those without … Read More
The Nexus between Inward Foreign Direct Investment and Global Value Chains in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Viet Nam
26 January 2022
In recent decades, Viet Nam, a developing economy, has significantly improved its export structure and, to some extent, its participation in global value chains (GVCs), … Read More
Overview of Foreign Direct Investment, Trade, and Global Value Chains in East Asia
25 January 2022
This paper provides an overview of the patterns and trends of foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade as well as the formation and development of … Read More
Local Content Requirements: Assessment from Investment Law
10 January 2022
Local content requirement (LCR) is one of several economic instruments used by governments for various purposes, including to protect infant domestic industries or to generate … Read More
COVID-19: Impacts of Indonesia's Trade
07 January 2022
This paper analyses how the coronavirus (COVID-19) has affected Indonesia’s exports and imports, both in terms of volume and value. We use monthly trade data … Read More
Indonesia’s Local Content Requirements: Assessment with WTO Rules
07 January 2022
Local content requirement is one of the policy measures used by many countries around the globe, including Indonesia, to protect and support their strategic sectors. … Read More
Export Market Survival of Pioneers and Followers
20 December 2021
This study investigates empirically whether export pioneers and followers are different in terms of export market survival, utilising a rich plant-product-level dataset on Korean manufacturing … Read More
Innovation, Product Sophistication and Export Market Survival: A Study of Indian Manufacturing
17 December 2021
The present study investigates the role of innovation on global market survival of Indian manufacturing firms. Specifically, the study examines whether research and development (R&D) … Read More
Market Entry, Survival, and Exit of Firms in the Aftermath of Natural Hazard-related Disasters: A Case Study of Indonesian Manufacturing Plants
16 December 2021
By combining plant-level data from the Indonesian Manufacturing Survey and localised disaster data from the Emergency Events Database for the period 1990–2015, we were able … Read More
Spillover Effects of Foreign and Domestic Exporting Firms on Export Decisions of Local Manufacturing Firms: Evidence from Viet Nam
15 December 2021
Our paper investigates the spillover effects generated by foreign and domestic exporting firms on export decisions of local manufacturing firms in Viet Nam – … Read More
Spillover Effects of Social and Economic Interactions on COVID-19 Pandemic Vulnerability Across Indonesia’s Regions
07 October 2021
This research study focuses on measuring the possible spillover effects of socio-economic interactions on COVID-19 pandemic vulnerability across Indonesia’s regions by utilising a spatial simultaneous … Read More
Education for All? Assessing the Impact of Socio-economic Disparity on Learning Engagement During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
06 October 2021
This paper attempts to shed light on the impact of socio-economic disparity on learning engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Utilising search intensity data … Read More
Robustness and Resilience of Supply Chains During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Questionnaire Survey on the Supply Chain Links of Firms in ASEAN and India
15 September 2021
Using a unique firm-level data set from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and India collected from November 2020 to February 2021, this paper … Read More
Policy Strategies to Strengthen the Travel and Tourism Sectors from the COVID-19 Pandemic Shocks: A Computable General Equilibrium Model for the Indonesian Economy
13 September 2021
The travel and tourism sectors have become the most vulnerable sectors to the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies have shown that most tourist-destination countries will experience economic … Read More
Identifying the Impact of Supply Chain Disruption Caused by COVID-19 on Manufacturing Production in Japan
10 September 2021
COVID-19 has disrupted all aspects of our lives, including international trade. This paper investigates the effect of supply chain disruption on production activities, in particular … Read More
The Global Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Second Wave and Policy Implications
09 September 2021
This paper examines the macroeconomic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic through the Computable General Equilibrium model. Due to a second wave and a subsequent delay … Read More
Regulatory Distance, Margins of Trade, and Regional Integration: The Case of the ASEAN+5
08 September 2021
This paper measures regulatory distance in non-tariff measures (NTMs) to examine the regulatory distance patterns and how the margins of trade respond to regulatory distance … Read More
The Trade Restrictiveness Index and Its Impact on Trade Performance in Selected East Asian Countries
07 September 2021
This paper aims to investigate the effect of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on trade in selected East Asian countries. In doing so, we first estimate the … Read More
COVID-19, Air Transportation, and International Trade in the ASEAN+5 Region
03 September 2021
This paper provides an in-depth description of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and its interactions with air transportation in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations … Read More
Aviation Market Development in the New Normal Post the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Air Connectivity and Business Travel
02 September 2021
This study quantifies the effects introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic on air connectivity and passenger travel behaviour. Our analysis suggests that the pandemic has led … Read More
COVID-19 and Regional Solutions for Mitigating the Risk of Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Finance in ASEAN Member States
19 August 2021
One of the significant challenges small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face is their difficulty in accessing finance. One way to reduce the risk of lending … Read More
Central Banks' Responses to COVID-19 in ASEAN Economies
18 August 2021
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on public health, social life, economic conditions, and financial markets has been significant for Association of Southeast Asian Nations … Read More
A Firm-level Analysis of the Impact of the Coronavirus Outbreak in ASEAN
16 August 2021
This study examines the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on economic integration in the ASEAN-6 region. The study finds that the pandemic’s impact can be … Read More
The EU–China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment: Lessons Learnt for Indonesia
12 August 2021
The European Union (EU) and China have recently reached an agreement: the EU–China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI). As one of the most recent investment … Read More
Reconciling Tax and Trade Rules in the Digitalised Economy: Challenges for ASEAN and East Asia
06 August 2021
As the digital economy expands in scale, scope, and form it poses major challenges for public revenue and tax policy and administration in Asia and … Read More
Effective Rates of Protection in a World With Non-Tariff Measures and Supply Chains: Evidence from ASEAN
05 August 2021
The concept of effective rate of protection expresses protection on a sector’s final output relative to protection affecting its inputs. As such, it is well … Read More
Technical Barriers to Trade and the Performance of Indian Exporters
04 August 2021
We study the effects of technical barriers to trade (TBTs) imposed by destination markets on prices, marginal costs, and markups of Indian manufacturing exporters. Using … Read More
Domestic Tourism as a Pathway to Revive the Tourism Industry and Business Post the COVID-19 Pandemic
27 July 2021
This research aims to explore the potential of domestic tourism as a means to revitalise the tourism industry from the perspectives of local residents and … Read More
Exploring Digital Economic Agreements to Promote Digital Connectivity in ASEAN
26 July 2021
This paper explores modules and articles on cooperation concerning the digital economy that are applicable for Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries under certain … Read More
Feeling the Pulse of Global Value Chains: Air Cargo and COVID-19
23 July 2021
This paper focuses on air cargo market development, with special attention to the connections between countries in Asia, the European Union, and the United States. … Read More
Impacts of COVID-19 on the Energy Demand Situation of East Asia Summit Countries
12 July 2021
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has brought us a ‘New Normal’ life style and the lockdown has severely harmed economic growth, with many countries estimated … Read More
East Asian Integration and Its Main Challenge: NTMs in Australia, China, India, Japan, Republic of Korea, and New Zealand
11 July 2021
While East Asia has been moving forward with its regional integration agenda, one main challenge remains and is growing – non-tariff measures (NTMs). Animal, vegetable, … Read More
Economic and Emission Impact of Australia–China Trade Disruption: Implication for Regional Economic Integration
07 July 2021
This study examines the debates on supply chain resilience and the economic and emissions impact of supply chain rerouting using Australia and China trade as … Read More
Is the COVID-19 Pandemic Recasting Global Value Chains in East Asia?
06 July 2021
This paper assesses how the current COVID-19 pandemic is shaping global value chains in East Asia after the formidable disruptions inflicted by the health crisis. … Read More
Tracking the Ups and Downs in Indonesia’s Economic Activity During COVID-19 Using Mobility Index: Evidence from Provinces in Java and Bali
05 July 2021
A timely and reliable prediction of economic activities is crucial in policymaking, especially in the current COVID-19 pandemic situation, which requires real-time decisions. However, making … Read More
Potential for India’s Entry into Factory Asia: Some Casual Findings from International Trade Data
30 June 2021
Despite its impressive economic growth in the past few decades, India is slow in adopting a task-by-task international division of labour or international production networks … Read More
The Impact of COVID-19 on Business Activities and Supply Chains in the ASEAN Member States and India
28 June 2021
This study uncovers the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on the business performance, outlook, and regional supply chains of manufacturing and non-manufacturing firms in … Read More
The Effects of SPSs and TBTs on Innovation: Evidence from Exporting Firms in Viet Nam
22 June 2021
Sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures and technical barriers to trade (TBTs) in destination markets may affect firms’ performance. In this paper, we examine how meeting … Read More
The Effect of Non-Tariff Measures on Global Value Chain Participation
21 June 2021
This study examines the impact of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on global value chain (GVC) participation and the underlying mechanisms. Our study employs a novel approach … Read More
How Do Sectoral Employment Structures Affect Mobility during the COVID-19 Pandemic?
09 June 2021
As people’s mobility determines the spread of COVID-19 virus, this paper scrutinises factors that drive their mobility responses during the pandemic. Utilising Google mobility data, … Read More
COVID-19 Tourism Recovery in the ASEAN and East Asia Region: Asymmetric Patterns and Implications
08 June 2021
The aim of this paper is to produce forecasts for tourism flows and tourism revenue for ASEAN and East Asian countries after the end of … Read More
East Asian Production Networks Amidst the COVID-19 Shock
02 June 2021
In the East Asian context, previous studies showed that trade occurring through production networks remained relatively steady amidst an economic shock and recovered faster and … Read More
The Role of Digitalisation in Shaping India’s Global Value Chain Participation
01 June 2021
This study investigates the role of digital infrastructure in shaping the global value chain (GVC) participation of Indian manufacturing firms. To examine the digitalisation and … Read More
How ASEAN Can Improve Its Response to the Economic Crisis Generated by the COVID-19 Pandemic: Inputs drawn from a comparative analysis of the ASEAN and EU responses
31 May 2021
This paper conducts a comparative review of the evolution of the economic crisis generated by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and the responses enacted by … Read More
Financial Market Responses to Government COVID-19 Pandemic Interventions: Empirical Evidence from South-East and East Asia
29 April 2021
This study investigates the impact of various government interventions on the spread of COVID-19 as well as stock markets in South-East and East Asia. It … Read More
Could the COVID-19 Crisis Affect Remittances and Labour Supply in ASEAN Economies? Macroeconomic Conjectures Based on the SARS Epidemic
28 April 2021
Debates on resilience to economic shocks in the ASEAN region focus on what policymakers can do to mitigate negative impacts associated with financial-economic crises. The … Read More
Facilitating Trade in Pharmaceuticals: A Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
23 April 2021
This paper reviews trade in pharmaceutical products, focusing on ASEAN countries. Trade in this sector is of singular policy importance as a result of the … Read More
COVID-19 and Socio-Economic Inequalities in Indonesia: A Subnational-level Analysis
22 April 2021
This study examines if COVID-19 has worsened socio-economic inequalities across provinces in Indonesia, and if it has affected the spatial disparity in provincial-level socio-economic indicators. … Read More
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Global Production Sharing in East Asia
21 April 2021
This paper examines the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on global production sharing in ASEAN Member States. Product-level analysis – on hard disk drives, air … Read More
COVID-19 and Services Trade in ASEAN+6: Implications and Estimates from Structural Gravity
19 April 2021
Given the importance of services for economic activity in general and the salience of reducing service link costs for overcoming the economic and health challenges … Read More
