The Influence on Energy and the Economy of Electrified Vehicle Penetration in ASEAN

The study analyses the effects of electric vehicle deployment in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Viet Nam especially in terms of energy supply and demand, CO₂ emissions, the macroeconomy, and employment. The study points out that introducing electric vehicles into ASEAN countries would fulfil various policy purposes, but their massive deployment might have negative economic side effects. The study presents four recommendations. First, it is important to decarbonise the power supply along with the penetration of electric vehicles. Second, it is important to estimate the cost-effectiveness of subsidies with respect to the amount of CO₂ reduction. Third, it is important to pay attention to the ripple effects of electric vehicles. The production of battery electric vehicles with a small number of material parts may reduce employment in the automotive industry compared to producing internal combustion engines and hybrid electric vehicles. Promoting e-motorcycles may stimulate job creation if the savings on fuel expenditure can be diverted into other goods and services. Finally, it is important to consider appropriate country-specific pathways to vehicle electrification.

Full Report

The Influence on Energy and the Economy of Electrified Vehicle Penetration in ASEAN

Contents

Title page

Acknowledgments

Project Contributors

Table of Contents

List of Tables and Figures

List of Abbreviations

Executive Summary

Chapter 1. Background and Objective of the Study

Chapter 2. Economic and Energy Outlook up to 2040

Chapter 3. Impacts on the 3Es by xEV Penetration

Chapter 4. Impacts on Industry by xEV Penetration

Chapter 5. Policy Implications