Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia
Education, Training, and Human Capital
Education is one of the key components of development, along with training, that builds human capital—especially with their spillover effects. ERIA examines the effect of education on capacity building in various ways, such as development capacity, innovation capability, and managerial efficiency. ERIA’s studies also delve into the effects of higher education, learning centres, and technology transfers, among others.
Development and Assessment of a Meal Assistance and Oral Care Module for Care Workers in Asian Countries
04 August 2023
This study investigates the effectiveness of meal assistance and oral care checklists developed during the previous ERIA project (FY 2018–2019). The research involved multiple stages, … Read More
Resilient Long-term Care under the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia, Japan, and Thailand
24 July 2023
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought attention to the vulnerabilities of long-term care systems in Indonesia, Japan, and Thailand. While institutional care serves as a means … Read More
Human Resource Development, Employment, and International Migration of Nurses and Caregivers in Asia and the Pacific Region
12 July 2023
The population in Asia is ageing, resulting in an increased demand for nurses and care workers. Consequently, the capacity of healthcare and long-term care needs … Read More
Capital Cost, Technology Choice, and Demand for Skills in Industries in Viet Nam
03 July 2023
This paper explores the consequences of a policy regime in which state firms enjoy privileged access to capital while private firms are crowded out. Consequently, … Read More
Does the Skill Premium Influence Educational Decisions? Evidence from Viet Nam
15 May 2023
Viet Nam’s economy has grown and changed in dramatic ways since WTO accession in 2007. Much of the growth and change is due to expanded … Read More
Do Management Interventions Last? Evidence from Vietnamese SMEs
27 March 2023
We conducted randomised experiments to provide management training for 312 small Vietnamese manufacturers in 2010 and repeatedly collected follow-up data in the span of a … Read More
Availability of Gender-Disaggregated Data on the ASEAN Digital Economy
10 January 2023
All Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Member States acknowledge the importance of gender data for policymaking on women’s economic empowerment and full integration into … Read More
Gender Security and Safety in the ASEAN Digital Economy
13 December 2022
Gender-based cyber violence inhibits progress towards gender digital equality by discouraging women from participating in the digital economy. From the magnitude of the problem to … Read More
Women and Leadership in the ASEAN Digital Economy: Mapping the Rhetorical Landscape
13 December 2022
This paper assesses the nature of policy, media, and research representations of women’s inequality in digital leadership, reflecting on how clearly they define the issues, … Read More
Technology and Disability: Trends and Opportunities in the Digital Economy in ASEAN
15 November 2022
This report examines the current and potential role of digital technology in fostering the inclusion and economic empowerment of people with disabilities in the ASEAN … Read More
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs in Eastern Indonesia
15 November 2022
This report assesses women’s entrepreneurship trends in Eastern Indonesia compared with national and other provincial averages. The analysis for this study focuses on five regions … Read More
Inclusive Education: Overcoming Barriers for Students with Disability in ASEAN
04 October 2022
This policy brief highlights current practices in inclusive education in elementary and secondary schools at the regional level. Please refer to the complementary research paper … Read More
The Comprehensive Asia Development Plan (CADP) 3.0: Towards an Integrated, Innovative, Inclusive, and Sustainable Economy
16 September 2022
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused trade disruptions; a drop in foreign direct investment; and scarring effects on poverty, education, and women in many … Read More
Agents of Care Technology Transfer: Trends and Challenges of Migration Care Workers Across Borders
12 August 2022
The purpose of this project is to show the models of promoting the transfer of knowledge and skills of Long-term care (LTC) from the destination … Read More
Inclusive Education in ASEAN: Fostering Belonging for Students with Disabilities
14 June 2022
In 2021–2022, an external research consultant partnered with the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA) and conducted a study on inclusive education … Read More
Mapping Innovation-Driven Entrepreneurial Ecosystems: An Overview
31 May 2022
Innovation-driven entrepreneurship enables people and companies to pursue global opportunities based on innovative processes, products, or services. Studies show that innovation-driven entrepreneurial high-growth firms represent … Read More
Innovation, Product Sophistication and Export Market Survival: A Study of Indian Manufacturing
17 December 2021
The present study investigates the role of innovation on global market survival of Indian manufacturing firms. Specifically, the study examines whether research and development (R&D) … Read More
Social Enterprises and Disability: Promoting Inclusion, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship in ASEAN
08 December 2021
This policy brief highlights the role of social enterprises in promoting social impact and inclusion for people with disabilities in the Association of Southeast Asian … Read More
13th Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) Summit
11 November 2021
The Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) is a unique cooperation initiative, bringing in scope for transnational cooperation between Partner countries, through regional and sub-regional activities. ASEM is … Read More
Education for All? Assessing the Impact of Socio-economic Disparity on Learning Engagement During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
06 October 2021
This paper attempts to shed light on the impact of socio-economic disparity on learning engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Utilising search intensity data … Read More
Qualifications Framework for Long-term Care Workers in India, Japan, and the Philippines
13 July 2021
Due to a steadily ageing global population, demand for care workers for older people is growing worldwide. In most societies and cultures, older people have … Read More
Summary of ERIA Research Projects 2020-2021
01 July 2021
The Summary of ERIA Research Projects 2020-2021 provides an overview of both new and ongoing projects that ERIA researchers are currently working on as of … Read More
Coping with Rapid Population Ageing in Asia
29 June 2021
Can you imagine the life of octogenarians, nonagenarians, or centenarians? It may be difficult if you do not have any limitations on daily activities. But … Read More
Population Ageing in Thailand
25 June 2021
Thailand is one of the fastest-ageing countries in the world. The proportion of the population aged 60 and over is projected to increase from 13% … Read More
Strengthening Emerging Asia's Power Sector
29 April 2021
Growth in electricity demand in South and Southeast Asia is amongst the fastest in the world. Yet questions remain about how countries across this region … Read More
Birth Order, Sibling Sex Composition, and Quantity–Quality Trade-offs – Evidence from India
23 February 2021
We use two waves of data from the India Human Development Survey to investigate the effect of family size on (i) parental expenditures on children’s … Read More
The Link Between Global Value Chain Activity and Local Human Capital: Evidence from Indonesia’s Manufacturing Sector
18 February 2021
For developing countries, participation in global value chains (GVCs) provides an opportunity to expand domestic human capital. Since GVC firms require qualified workers to meet … Read More
Getting to Grade 10 in Viet Nam: Challenges from Deprivation, Discrimination, and a Booming Job Market
18 February 2021
Viet Nam has enjoyed more than a generation of rapid economic growth, led by labour-intensive exports. This form and pace of growth has increased schooling … Read More
Gender Digital Equality Across ASEAN
08 February 2021
This paper provides an overview of the participation of women in the digital economy across ASEAN. By using available data sources, it compares and analyses … Read More
Women’s Participation in the Digital Economy: Improving Access to Skills, Entrepreneurship, and Leadership Across ASEAN
08 February 2021
This policy brief provides evidence of the persistent digital gender divide across ASEAN and explains how it is of key importance to close this divide … Read More
Child Education: Rethinking Microcredit in Cambodia
16 December 2020
Conflicting and controversial conclusions about the potential effects of microcredit on socio-economic development raise concerns over the effects on child education. This study analyses the … Read More
Determinants of School Enrolment: Relationship between Minimum Wage and Human Capital Investment
16 December 2020
Most economic research on minimum wage has focused on employment effects. Research analysing the effects of minimum wage on skill acquisition and educational investment is … Read More
The Role of Innovation in Skill Development: Evidence from Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Viet Nam
16 December 2020
Using the Small and Medium Enterprise Survey in Vietnam and three proxies of innovation, we study the impact of firm innovation on on-the-job training in … Read More
Intergenerational Transmission of Human Capital: The Case of Thailand
14 December 2020
This study provides evidence of intergenerational transmission of human capital in Thailand, using data from the Thailand Labor Force Survey of 1985–2017. Employing the instrumental … Read More
The Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Plentiful Rainfall on Cognitive Development in Viet Nam
14 December 2020
We examine the impact of exposure to plentiful rainfall while in utero on the cognitive development of the same children from ages 5 to 15 … Read More
Pioneering an Integrated Rehabilitation System and Human Resource Development to Improve Rehabilitation Services in Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, and Viet Nam
28 July 2020
The world population is ageing at an unprecedentedly rapid pace and Southeast Asia is no exception. In the societies with more older people, more patients … Read More
Human Resources Development in Indonesia – Towards 2045
23 October 2019
Indonesia and Japan are highly committed to maintaining human resources development to support economic growth, in line with the development in the political and social … Read More
Developing Human Capital by Supporting Parental Engagement in Indonesia
26 September 2019
Indonesia’s stagnating economic growth rate is largely attributed to human capital constraints. This is partly because Indonesia’s education system leaves students ill-prepared to enter the … Read More
Global Value Chains and Formal Employment in Viet Nam
26 September 2019
This study investigates the impacts of integration into global value chains (GVCs) on formal and informal employment in Viet Nam. Utilising the Viet Nam Household … Read More
"Just Do Your Job": Obedience, Routine Tasks, and the Pattern of Specialization
22 March 2017
We study the interplay between cultural attitudes and the economic environment, focusing on attitudes towards obedience in the workplace. We establish two key stylized facts: … Read More
Harmonization of Standards and Mutual Recognition Agreements on Conformity Assessment in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Viet Nam
17 November 2016
This report examines the basis of developments surrounding ASEAN's efforts in the area of standards and conformance, focusing on the following six sectors: (i) automotives, … Read More
Investing in Workers and Firms as Learning Centres for Industrial Upgrading
10 December 2015
Investing in workers and firms as learning centres for industrial upgrading is important for economic, social, and cultural development in the context of … Read More
Framing the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community (ASCC) Post 2015: Quality and Equity Issues in Investing in Basic Education in ASEAN
23 September 2015
Abstract The paper starts with a survey on the role of basic education in society. Basic education promotes social cohesion, cultural appreciation, and civic consciousness, … Read More
Investing in Higher Education, and Its Potential Impact on Research and Development for Technology Upgrading, Innovation, and Competitiveness
04 August 2015
Abstract The aim of this paper is to review the state of higher education development in ASEAN and formulate how research and development should proceed … Read More
Technology Transfer in ASEAN Countries: Some Evidence from Buyer-Provided Training Network Data
08 May 2015
Abstract Technology transfers are important channels for firms in developing countries to get access to new technology and initiate innovation. This paper examines the geographical … Read More
Low Carbon Green Growth in Asia: What is the Scope for Regional Cooperation?
09 April 2015
Abstract This paper develops a framework to assess the scope of collaboration among countries that are pursuing low-carbon green growth. Much of the policy studies … Read More
Study on International Cooperation on Nuclear Safety Management in East and Southeast Asian Countries
30 December 2014
Executive Summary Main Argument Some countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) plan to introduce commercial nuclear reactors in 2020 due to the … Read More
ASEAN SME Policy Index 2014 Towards Competitive and Innovative ASEAN SMEs
05 June 2014
List of Project Members Working Group Members PROF. FUKUNARI KIMURA (PROJECT SUPERVISOR): Chief Economist, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA), … Read More
Constraints, Determinants of SME Innovation, and the Role of Government Support
08 May 2014
This paper provides an empirical analysis of potential constraints to SMEs upgrading their capability to innovate, and assesses the effectiveness of government support … Read More
Education and Human Capital Development to Strengthen R & D Capacity in ASEAN
05 May 2014
Abstract This Policy Brief raises some policy issues regarding the capacity of the ASEAN region's education system in producing knowledge capital as it looks into … Read More
Multiproduct Firms, Export Product Scope, and Trade Liberalization: The Role of Managerial Efficiency
14 April 2014
This paper provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of the effects of one-sided tariff cuts on firms' export product scope. The theoretical model … Read More
Education and Human Capital Development to Strengthen R&D Capacity in the ASEAN
03 December 2013
The role of education is crucial in process of economic development. Initially, investments in training and education produce the necessary technical workers. At … Read More
Study on International Cooperation Concerning Nuclear Safety Management in East Asian Countries
01 June 2013
List of Project Members Working Group Members MS. TOMOKO MURAKAMI (LEADER): Senior Economist, Manager, Nuclear Energy Group, Strategy Research Unit, The Institute of … Read More
ASEAN Regional Cooperation on Competition Policy
08 April 2013
Abstract ASEAN member states (AMSs) intend to establish the ASEAN Community by 2015. A key component of this goal is the formation of the … Read More
Growth Policy and Inequality in Developing Asia: Lesson from Korea
01 July 2012
While developing Asia has traditionally prioritized growth over equality, recent years have witnessed a growing popular demand for more inclusive growth in the … Read More
The Relationship between Structural Change and Inequality: A Conceptual Overview with Special Reference to Developing Asia
01 July 2012
Structural change has a far-reaching impact on inequality. It exposes the population to challenges and opportunities. Foreign trade and technological progress have been … Read More
Toward a Consolidated Preferential Tariff Structure in East Asia: Going beyond ASEAN+1 FTAs
01 May 2012
Abstract ASEAN countries are discussing a possible template for trade in goods chapter of so-called ASEAN++ FTA (also known as RCEP). Analyses of tariff structures … Read More
Why Does Population Aging Matter So Much for Asia? Population Aging, Economic Security and Economic Growth in Asia
01 August 2011
Abstract Asia as a whole is experiencing a rapid demographic transition toward older population structures. Within this broader region-wide trend, there is considerable heterogeneity, with … Read More
How to Enhance Innovation Capability with Internal and External Sources
01 March 2011
Improvement of the innovation capability of firms in the region depends on how successfully they have leveraged their internal and external resources. This … Read More
Capacity Building for Statisticians in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar (CLM)
01 March 2010
List of Project Members MR. YASUSHI NAKAMURA (TEAM LEADER): Senior Researcher, Regional Development Institute, International Development Center of Japan (IDCJ), Japan. MS. PIN PIN … Read More
