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Policy Briefs

Policy Briefs

Why Is the East Asia Industrial Corridor Needed?

01 January 2009

Abstract The East Asia Industrial Corridor Project, in particular the Southern Corridor and its extension, can be a path-breaking effort for attaining both deepening economic … Read More

Food Issues and Regional Cooperation in Dynamic East Asia

01 February 2009

Abstract How can Asia avoid another panic in international markets of our staple crops, particularly rice?Lessons from the last food crisis in 2006-2008. ERIA-PB-2009-02.pdf … Read More

A lot of Reasons Why We Should Invest More in East Asia

01 April 2009

Abstract Although the impact of financial crisis originated from North America and Europe has come to East Asia through both the financial link and the … Read More

Global Financial Crisis and Policy Responses in Southeast Asia : Towards Prudent Macroeconomic Policies

01 July 2009

Abstract The global financial crisis hit the Southeast Asian economies through financial and real sectors by the combination of lower global demand and tighter credit … Read More

Is Promoting Foreign Direct Investment Worthwhile? Learning from the East Asian Experience

01 November 2009

Abstract East Asia presents a new model of industrialization that aggressively utilizes the dynamics of multinational corporations (MNCs). The model puts networks of production into … Read More

Regulation and Governance

Trade Facilitation in the ASEAN Economic Community

02 November 2009

Trade facilitation refers to the reduction of costs in the trading system. Significant cost reductions are possible, but policy reform and international cooperation … Read More

Deepening East Asian Economic Integration in Services

01 October 2010

Abstract In services markets, there may be legitimate reasons to regulate. Integration efforts should target regulatory restrictions that explicitly limit competition, and those that are … Read More

Comprehensive Asia Development Plan and Beyond -Growth Strategies for More Prosperous and Equitable East Asia-

02 October 2010

Abstract Let's dream of our bright and prosperous future. In the year of 2020, sixteen East Asia Summit (EAS) member countries can reach doubled per … Read More

Fragmentation and Changes in the Asian Trade Network

01 January 2011

Abstract The Asian trade network is increasingly fragmented, resulting in higher dependence on supplies of goods and services from neighbouring countries. The update OECD Input-Output … Read More

China's Ties with Southeast Asia : From Green Shoots to Sustained Recovery

02 January 2011

Abstract China's rebound happened relatively quickly owing to a large extent to timely macroeconomic policy responses to the crisis. Lagging somewhat behind China, most Southeast … Read More

Links with East Asia for a recovery from the Great East Japan Earthquake: Geographical Simulation Analysis

01 August 2011

Abstract Japan is now struggling for a recovery from the devastating earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011. Although trunk logistic infrastructure has quickly been … Read More

The Economic Consequences of Shifting Away From Nuclear Energy

01 December 2011

Abstract In the aftermath of the devastating nuclear fallout in Japan, there has been a harsh debate surrounding the role of nuclear energy in electricity … Read More

Regulation and Governance, Competitiveness

ASEAN in the Global Economy- An Enhanced Economic and Political Role

01 January 2012

Established in 1967, ASEAN has travelled a long way from a group of five nations to a thriving and leading group of ten … Read More

Liberalization of Trade in Services: Toward a Harmonized ASEAN++ FTA

01 March 2012

Abstract The East Asian countries are seriously discussing the consolidation of ASEAN+1 FTAs to develop so-called ASEAN++ FTA or RCEP. The detailed analysis of services … Read More

Toward a Consolidated Preferential Tariff Structure in East Asia: Going beyond ASEAN+1 FTAs

01 May 2012

Abstract ASEAN countries are discussing a possible template for trade in goods chapter of so-called ASEAN++ FTA (also known as RCEP). Analyses of tariff structures … Read More

Trade Facilitation: The Way Forward for ASEAN and Its FTA Partners

01 July 2012

Abstract ASEAN is working towards establishing a Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership with its FTA partners. All five existing ASEAN+1 FTAs contain provisions on trade facilitation. … Read More

industry and manufacturing, Urban Development, Infrastructure

The Proposed Cilamaya New International Port is a Key for Indonesian Economic Development: Geographical Simulation Analysis

18 December 2012

Many foreign investors are now interested in Indonesia, especially in the automotive sector, because ofits growing attraction as a market and production site. … Read More

Infrastructure, Regulation and Governance, Urban Development

Dawei Revisited: Reaffirmation of the importance of the project in the era of reforms in Myanmar

31 May 2013

Myanmar has entered a new era of all-round reforms. Donors and foreign investors are mainly interested in Yangon, while there has been a … Read More

Regulation and Governance, Urban Development

Effective Bureaucracy can Facilitate Economic Reforms in Myanmar

11 June 2013

Myanmar has opened up to democratic and economic reforms. Bureaucracy is one of the chosen agents of reforms, both political and economic. Bureaucracy … Read More

Urban Development

The Economic Transition in Myanmar: Towards Inclusive, People Centered and Sustainable Economic Growth

13 August 2013

Myanmar has embarked on an ambitious program of sweeping reforms to end its isolation and integrate its economy with the global system. In … Read More

Education and Human Capital Development to Strengthen R & D Capacity in ASEAN

05 May 2014

Abstract This Policy Brief raises some policy issues regarding the capacity of the ASEAN region's education system in producing knowledge capital as it looks into … Read More

ASEAN Food Security: Towards a More Comprehensive Framework

23 May 2014

Abstract This Policy Brief is based on the Issues Paper on ASEAN Food Security: Towards a More Comprehensive Framework. The key message is that food … Read More

Towards Freer Movement of Skilled Labour in AEC 2015 and Beyond

23 May 2014

Abstract Movements of skilled labour in ASEAN have been largely from the lower income labour surplus economies to the higher income labour deficit economies in … Read More

The ASEAN Single Aviation Market: Liberalizing the Airline Industry

18 June 2014

Abstract This Policy Brief presents an overview of the barriers facing air transport liberalization in ASEAN. It lays out the policies that governments should undertake … Read More

Regulation and Governance

ASEAN Beyond 2015: The Imperatives for Further Institutional Changes

18 August 2014

As the members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) are now committed to a deeper integration process towards an ASEAN Commnity … Read More

Macroeconomy, industry and manufacturing, Innovation and Technology

Stimulating Innovation in ASEAN Institutional Support, R&D Activity and Intellectual Property Rights

20 August 2014

The Policy Brief suggests initiatives that poorer ASEAN member governments should take to stimulate technological upgrading of firms at the bottom with a … Read More

Macroeconomy, Competitiveness

Delivering Results in Standards and Conformance in ASEAN: the Critical Roles of Institutional Strenghthening and the Private Sector

20 August 2014

Addressing technical barriers to trade is a key priority of ASEAN as part of trade facilitation in achieving an integrated economy under the … Read More

Financial Integration Challenges in ASEAN Beyond 2015

25 August 2014

Abstract Financial integration has many potential economic benefits. However, it also carries potential risks. In ASEAN, since its financial sector is generally bank-dominated, the … Read More

Urban Development, Macroeconomy

Transmission Channels of Economic Shocks in ASEAN

17 March 2015

This Policy Brief is based on ERIA Discussion Paper 2013-18 titled "Managing Economic Shocks and Macroeconomic Coordination in an Integrated Region: ASEAN Beyond … Read More

Trade

Non-Tariff Measures: Not All that Bad

29 October 2015

While tariffs have been reduced, the number of non-tariff measures (NTMs) is increasing, and is often blamed to be one source of the … Read More

industry and manufacturing, Regulation and Governance

ASEAN PPP: From Institutional Development to Streamlined Implementation

21 December 2015

There is a growing momentum to set ambitious infrastructure development targets across member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). With … Read More

Power Grid Interconnections in East Asia: Investment in Several Key Projects Are Well Justified

28 January 2016

Abstract The recent ERIA report on 'Effective Power Infrastructure Investment through Power Grid Interconnections in East Asia' aims to support existing initiatives--the ASEAN Power Grid … Read More

competitiveness, TPP, IPR

TPP, IPR Protection, and Their Implications for Emerging Asian Economies

26 April 2016

Intellectual property rights (IPR) protection is essential for economic growth, innovation, and competitiveness. As the global economy is increasingly organised within global value … Read More

Implications of Mega Free Trade Agreements for Asian Regional Integration and RCEP Negotiation

05 December 2016

As mega free trade agreements (FTAs) are reshaping the rules of global governance, there is urgency for member states of the Association of … Read More

Macroeconomy, Investment, Competitiveness

ASEAN as an FDI Attractor: How Do Multinationals Look at ASEAN?

31 January 2017

This policy brief presents an overview of the ASEAN economy in terms of its economic relationship with multinationals, particularly Japanese companies, that have … Read More

E-commerce, Globalization, Asia

To Enhance E-Commerce Enabling Connectivity in Asia

09 October 2017

Cross-border e-commerce has been a major development trend of international trade and globalization. In the next 5-10 years, the top three fastest growing markets in … Read More

E-commerce, Asia, Trade, Globalization

E-Commerce as Asia's New Growth Engine

23 October 2017

The development of cross-border electronic commerce (e-commerce) is changing the world's economic landscape. To better grasp the opportunities of this global trend of growth, Asian … Read More

Trade, ASEAN

Streamlining NTMs in ASEAN: The Way Forward

06 November 2017

Dealing with NTMs as if dealing with a trade tool like tariffs is an unproper approach, as NTMs could play a role of check and … Read More

Trade, ASEAN

How Restrictive Are ASEAN's Rules of Origins?

06 November 2017

ASEAN's rules of origin (ROO) have a simple and transparent structure, with a large chunk of trade flows subject to a 40% regional value content … Read More

Trade, Investment, Competitiveness, ASEAN

Transparency in Non-tariff Measures: An International Comparison

13 November 2017

The growing literature on trade has proven that transparency has positive effects on trade and investment. This is particularly important in non-tariff measures, which are … Read More

Trade, ASEAN

ASEAN: Regional Integration and Reforms

13 November 2017

This brief explains the motivation behind ASEAN's integration into East Asia, the role ASEAN reforms play in the integration, as well as its future direction. … Read More

Trade, ASEAN, Competitiveness

Facilitating ASEAN Trade in Goods

13 December 2017

To move forward trade facilitation agenda in ASEAN, this brief presents three recommendations that focus on rules of origin, transparency of non-tariff measures (NTM), and … Read More

Investment, Connectivity, Asia Africa, Development

Balancing Investment and Development Assistance in Africa: Growth Prospects from Asia–Africa Connectivity

31 August 2018

Africa’s young demography and developing economy require integration and expansion into the global value chains. Asia can share its growth experience with Africa. Africa can … Read More

Infrastructure, Industry, Africa

Infrastructure and Industrialisation: Ensuring Sustainable and Inclusive Growth in Africa

06 September 2018

Africa’s economy is on a growth curve where development and investment plans must focus on the expansion of infrastructure, capacities, and institutions. Infrastructure development, which … Read More

Connectivity

Asia Africa Growth Corridor: Development Cooperation and Connectivity in the Indo-Pacific

08 October 2018

Asia and Africa are conjoined by the Indian Ocean and the two regions provide a renewed opportunity for partnership for sustainable development. The conceptualisation of … Read More

global value chains, Industrialisastion, Connectivity, Trade

The Role of Industrialisation and ICT in Africa’s Growth and Integration into Global Value Chains

30 July 2019

Industrialisation is important for Africa’s growth and sustainable development. Deepening the manufacturing sector and greater integration in global value chains will build more resilient economies. … Read More

Digital Economy, Industrialisation, Trade Facilitation, Connectivity

The Importance of Industrialisation and Trade Facilitation for Employment-Led Growth in the Digital Economy

30 July 2019

The digital economy will affect the patterns and geographical locations of industries, employment, trade and economic growth. Structural transformation and employment generation policies in developing … Read More

ASEAN, AMS

Government Initiatives Matter for Innovation in ASEAN

13 September 2019

ASEAN member states (AMS) need to greatly enhance their ‘innovation capability’ to achieve technology-driven sustainable development, and there still remains much room to do so. … Read More

Education, Training, Human Capital, Indonesia

Developing Human Capital by Supporting Parental Engagement in Indonesia

26 September 2019

Indonesia’s stagnating economic growth rate is largely attributed to human capital constraints. This is partly because Indonesia’s education system leaves students ill-prepared to enter the … Read More

Connectivity, Environment, Climate Change, Indonesia, Japan, Sustainable Development

Sustainable Marine Development

26 September 2019

Indonesia has the largest economic exclusive zone in Asia, and Japan the second largest. Marine resources are their main development assets. Indonesia and Japan rely … Read More

Human Capital, Indonesia, 2045

Human Resources Development in Indonesia – Towards 2045

23 October 2019

Indonesia and Japan are highly committed to maintaining human resources development to support economic growth, in line with the development in the political and social … Read More

services, manufacturing, global value chains

Services to Support Manufacturing Value Chains in East Asia

05 December 2019

The drivers and consequences of the development of global value chains (GVCs) in East Asia have been the subject of significant policy research. This work … Read More

services, trade, trade in services, manufacturing, global value chains

New Frontiers for Services in Globalisation

05 December 2019

The building of global value chains in manufacturing is much discussed, but less attention is given to the growth of value chains in services, their … Read More

COVID-19, ASEAN, disaster risk management

Implications of the COVID-19 Crisis for the Energy Sector and Climate Change in ASEAN

22 April 2020

Key Messages The spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the resulting reduction in demand for products and services will likely cut total annual carbon … Read More

COVID-19, ASEAN, Economic Integration, Connectivity, Investment, trade liberalisation

COVID-19 and Southeast and East Asian Economic Integration: Understanding the Consequences for the Future

23 April 2020

Key Messages The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic poses great challenges for the economic integration of East and Southeast Asia. Much of the future of … Read More

COVID-19, Production Networks

Exit Strategies for ASEAN Member States: Keeping Production Networks Alive Despite the Impending Demand Shock

19 May 2020

Some Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Member States (AMS) are still fully engaged in emergency responses to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Human life is … Read More

COVID-19, fiscal, Supply Chain

Maintaining Fiscal Sustainability during the Pandemic Crisis

24 June 2020

Key Messages Plummeting demand for goods and services, caused by the sudden disruption in major economic activities, has set the stage for a worldwide economic … Read More

ASEAN, Waste Management, Environment, COVID-19

Strengthening Waste Management Policies to Mitigate the COVID-19 Pandemic

02 July 2020

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has raised issues with waste management. In Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, the increasing amount of medical waste during … Read More

ASEAN, Innovation, Industrialisastion

ASEAN Development and Innovation Strategy in the Era of New Industrialisation

16 July 2020

Foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade will continue to play an important role in the assimilation of the latest technologies within the Association of Southeast … Read More

E-commerce, Digital Economy, ASEAN, Innovation and Technology

Improving Digital Connectivity: Policy Priority for ASEAN Digital Transformation

17 July 2020

This brief proposes a policy framework for digital connectivity to support the development of e-commerce. Using this analytical framework for the Association of Southeast Asian … Read More

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