Evaluation of CO2 Emissions Reduction by Mobility Electrification and Alternative Biofuel Introduction in East Asia Summit Countries

Efforts to decarbonise the transport sectors are now greater than ever in the East Asia Summit countries. With a quarter of total carbon dioxide emissions coming from transport energy use, there are roughly three options to reduce emissions – reducing transport energy demand, improving vehicle fuel efficiency, replacing mobility fuel with low-carbon varieties such as biofuel and electricity. This study report estimates the carbon emission reduction potentials of using biofuel in road vehicles, as a complementary strategy to increasing electrified vehicles in India, Indonesia, and Thailand. The simulation results indicate that a moderate electrification strategy alone is not sufficient to reduce carbon emissions to the level required by 2030, and a moderate to aggressive electrification combined with hybrid-promotion would have a maximum impact. The complementary use of both the conventional and next generation biofuels, as a substitute for transport fuel demand, will have total net positive carbon reduction and economic benefits. Hence, it is necessary to incentivise biofuels along with electric vehicles and hybrid automobiles as a part of a balanced portfolio of approaches to decarbonise the transport sector in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and East Asia.

Full Report

Evaluation of CO2 Emissions Reduction by Mobility Electrification and Alternative Biofuel Introduction in East Asia Summit Countries

Contents

Title Page

Acknowledgements 

List of Project Members

Contents

List of Figures and Tables

List of Abbreviations and Acronyms

Executive Summary

Chapter 1 - Introduction

Chapter 2 - Evaluation of CO₂ Emissions Reduction by Mobility Electrification and Alternative Fuels Introduction

Chapter 3 - Supply Potential of Next Generation Biofuels from Non-Conventional Resources

Chapter 4 - Conclusion as Policy Recommendations

Appendices